Linux FSH (file system hierarchy)

Linux FSH (file system hierarchy)

< / > pronounce root -
everything starts from root

- boot file
.(linux kernel included-vmlinuz)

- The configuration files for the Linux system
    /etc/inittab - describes processes are started at system bootup and during normal operation
    /etc/fstab   - information about the file systems and their mount points, like cdroms
    /etc/passwd  - users account information. This is where the users are defined.

- contain programs for the system (binaries, hence the directory's name)
    /bin     : programs that the system needs to operate
    /usr/bin : applications for the system's users

- system administration programs
    you must run these programs as the root user.

- user applications and source codes, and pictures, docs, or config files
    /usr/doc    : Documentation for the user apps, in many file formats.

    /usr/share  : Config files and graphics for many user apps.

    /usr/src    : Source code files for the system's software, including the Linux kernel.

    /usr/include: Header files for the C compiler.A subdirectory contains C++  headers.

    /usr/X11R6  : The X Window System and things for it.

- This is where you install apps and other files for use on the local machine.
    If your machine is a part of a network, the /usr directory may physically be on
    another machine and can be shared by many networked Linux workstations.
    On this kind of a network, the /usr/local  directory contains only stuff that is not
    supposed to be used on many machines and is intended for use at the local machine only.

  - The shared libraries for programs that are dynamically linked.

- This is where users keep their personal files.Every user has their directory under /home

- The superuser's (root's) home directory.

  - Contains variable data that changes constantly when the system is running.
    /var/log   : Contains system log files.
    /var/mail  : Incoming and outgoing mail is stored in this directory.
    /var/spool : Contains files that are queued for some process, like printing.

  - Programs can write their temporary files here.

  - The devices that are available to a Linux system.devices are treated like files

- bunch of numbered entries that correspond to all processes running on the system

- files Linux restores after a system crash or when
    a partition hasn't been unmounted before a system shutdown.

  - This directory is used for mount points.NOT in Debian and SuSE.